dirightDigital Law JournalЦифровое право2686-9136Maxim Inozemtsev10.38044/2686-9136-2022-3-1-20-31diright-91Research ArticleARTICLESСТАТЬИThe Model of the State Digital Platform on Labor Contracts in ChinaМодель государственной цифровой платформы трудовых договоров в КитаеДуньЛ.DunL.

Доктор экономических наук, преподаватель Школы экономики и менеджмента.

100044, Пекин, район Хайдянь, Зенгуан, 3

Liu Dun — Dr. Sci. in Economics, Lecturer, School of Economics and Management, Beijing Jiaotong University.

45, Zengguang Rd., Haidian District Beijing, 100089

liudun@bjtu.edu.cnЮаньГ.YuanG.

Доктор экономических наук, научный сотрудник в области прикладной экономики Школы экономики труда.

100070, Пекин, район Хуатсианг Фенгтай, Джангдзиалюкоу, 121

Geng Yuan — Dr. Sci. in Economics, Postdoc in Applied Economics, School of Labor Economics.

121, Zhangjialukou, Huaxiang Fengtai District, Beijing, 100070

gengyuan121@163.comКитайский университет трудовых отношенийКитайChina University of Labor RelationsChinaСтоличный университет экономики и бизнесаКитайCapital University of Economics and BusinessChina202221042022312031Copyright © Dun L., Yuan G., 20222022Дунь Л., Юань Г.Dun L., Yuan G.Данная работа распространяется под лицензией Creative Commons Attribution 4.0.This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 License.https://www.digitallawjournal.org/jour/article/view/91

The digitalization of the economy provides additional opportunities for businesses to ensure their competitiveness, increase of the production of goods, works, services, and their export. However, in this case, risks and threats arise for other parameters of macroeconomic equilibrium, in particular, for the labor market. Thus, digitalization not only creates risks for jobs, as the replacement of human labor with capital within Industry 4.0 ensures the competitiveness of businesses but also forces workers to accept significantly worse working conditions. In 2021 in our study we noted the risks and threats to the labor market due to digitalization. In this article, we will describe possible solutions that can be implemented by state in the regulation of the labor market at the present stage of economic development and digitalization. The purpose of the article is to create an opportunity to establish a state digital platform on labor contracts as a basis for solving the following cases: compliance with the rules for drawing up labor contracts and fulfilling their conditions; compliance of online platforms with working hours; activation of the trade union movement, suppression of violations of the rights to meetings of trade unions on Internet platforms; establishment of the minimum wage and provision of guarantees for its payment to employees of Internet platforms; extension of the social security system to workers employed on Internet platforms (health, social and pension insurance, vacation pay). As a result, the research substantiates a necessity of creating the model of the state digital platform on labor contracts.

Цифровизация экономики обладает множеством позитивных черт, к примеру, предоставляет предприятиям дополнительные возможности в сфере конкуренции, оказывает влияние на увеличение производительности, а также расширение экспорта. Тем не менее этот процесс создает риски и угрозы для других элементов макроэкономического равновесия, в частности для рынка труда. Так, цифровизация сопряжена не только с увеличением безработицы из-за замены человеческого труда как фактора производства капиталом в рамках индустрии 4.0, но и с ухудшением правового положения работников, поскольку вынуждает последних соглашаться на значительно худшие условия. В исследовании 2021 года мы выявили риски и угрозы для рынка труда, связанные с цифровизацией. В данной статье также описываются возможные решение, которые могут быть приняты при государственном регулировании рынка труда на современном этапе развития экономики и цифровизации. Цель исследования заключается в обосновании необходимости разработки концепции государственной цифровой платформы по трудовым договорам как основы для решения следующих вопросов: соблюдение правил заключения трудовых договоров и выполнения их условий; соблюдения онлайн-платформами режима рабочего времени; содействие развитию профсоюзного движения; установление минимального размера оплаты труда и предоставление работникам онлайн-платформ социальных гарантий; распространение системы социального обеспечения на работников, занятых на интернет-платформах (медицинское, социальное и пенсионное страхование, отпускные). Результат исследования свидетельствует о необходимости разработки государственной цифровой платформы по трудовым договорам.

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The authors declare that there are no conflicts of interest present.