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<article article-type="research-article" dtd-version="1.3" xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink" xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance" xml:lang="en"><front><journal-meta><journal-id journal-id-type="publisher-id">diright</journal-id><journal-title-group><journal-title xml:lang="en">Digital Law Journal</journal-title><trans-title-group xml:lang="ru"><trans-title>Цифровое право</trans-title></trans-title-group></journal-title-group><issn pub-type="epub">2686-9136</issn><publisher><publisher-name>Maxim Inozemtsev</publisher-name></publisher></journal-meta><article-meta><article-id pub-id-type="doi">10.38044/2686-9136-2025-6-5</article-id><article-id custom-type="elpub" pub-id-type="custom">diright-287</article-id><article-categories><subj-group subj-group-type="heading"><subject>Research Article</subject></subj-group><subj-group subj-group-type="section-heading" xml:lang="en"><subject>ARTICLES</subject></subj-group><subj-group subj-group-type="section-heading" xml:lang="ru"><subject>СТАТЬИ</subject></subj-group></article-categories><title-group><article-title>Understanding the legal landscape of non-conventional trademarks in India</article-title><trans-title-group xml:lang="ru"><trans-title>Правовой режим нетрадиционных товарных знаков в Индии</trans-title></trans-title-group></title-group><contrib-group><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">https://orcid.org/0009-0004-1321-9535</contrib-id><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Шейх</surname><given-names>С.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Sheikh</surname><given-names>S.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>ассистент и координатор, Исследовательский центр интеллектуального права</p><p>400076, Индия, Мумбаи, ул. Текнолоджи, зд. CETTM MTNL</p></bio><bio xml:lang="en"><p>Sajid Sheikh — Assistant Professor &amp; Coordinator, Centre for Research in IP</p><p>CETTM MTNL Building, Technology St., Mumbai, India, 400076</p></bio><email xlink:type="simple">sajid@mnlumumbai.edu.in</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-1"/></contrib></contrib-group><aff-alternatives id="aff-1"><aff xml:lang="ru"><institution>Махараштрский национальный правовой университет</institution><country>Индия</country></aff><aff xml:lang="en"><institution>Maharashtra National Law University</institution><country>India</country></aff></aff-alternatives><pub-date pub-type="collection"><year>2025</year></pub-date><pub-date pub-type="epub"><day>16</day><month>10</month><year>2025</year></pub-date><volume>6</volume><issue>1</issue><fpage>8</fpage><lpage>19</lpage><permissions><copyright-statement>Copyright &amp;#x00A9; Sheikh S., 2025</copyright-statement><copyright-year>2025</copyright-year><copyright-holder xml:lang="ru">Шейх С.</copyright-holder><copyright-holder xml:lang="en">Sheikh S.</copyright-holder><license xml:lang="ru" license-type="creative-commons-attribution" xlink:href="https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/" xlink:type="simple"><license-p>Данная работа распространяется под лицензией Creative Commons Attribution 4.0.</license-p></license><license xml:lang="en" license-type="creative-commons-attribution" xlink:href="https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/" xlink:type="simple"><license-p>This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 License.</license-p></license></permissions><self-uri xlink:href="https://www.digitallawjournal.org/jour/article/view/287">https://www.digitallawjournal.org/jour/article/view/287</self-uri><abstract><p>Among contemporary intellectual property debates, non-conventional trademarks (such as sounds, smells, tastes, shapes, and holograms) present unique challenges. They serve the primary function of trademarks to distinguish the goods or services of one proprietor from those of another. For example, customers often associate the distinct shape of the Coca-Cola bottle with the beverage itself, the peculiar blue colour of Tiffany with the company, the very popular “Tudum” sound of Netflix with its brand identity. Such trademarks help the companies to enhance their brand recognition through unique sensory memory. The aim of this paper is to critically study the legal recognition, registration, and protection of non-conventional trademarks under Indian law, emphasizing both legal and practical difficulties by analyzing various examples of these marks. Extensive case law has been analyzed to elaborate the scope of infringement of these marks and the defenses available against such claims. Further, this paper highlights that a thorough understanding of the important role of non-conventional trademarks is essential for shaping today’s intellectual property landscape, offering valuable insights into both the challenges and opportunities they present for businesses. The absence of objective standards and the requirement for visual representation often complicate establishing distinctiveness, proving infringement, or demonstrating consumer association.</p></abstract><trans-abstract xml:lang="ru"><p>Среди современных дискуссий в области интеллектуального права нетрадиционные товарные знаки (такие, как звуки, запахи, вкусы, формы и голограммы) представляют собой уникальную проблему. Как и у традиционных товарных знаков, их основная функция заключается в том, чтобы отличать товары или услуги одного предпринимателя от товаров или услуг другого. Например, потребители часто ассоциируют характерную форму бутылки Coca-Cola с самим напитком, а очень популярный звук «Tudum» компании Netflix — с идентичностью бренда. Такие товарные знаки помогают компаниям повысить узнаваемость своего бренда за счет уникальной сенсорной памяти. Цель данной статьи — критически изучить правовое признание, регистрацию и защиту нетрадиционных товарных знаков в соответствии с индийским правом, уделяя особое внимание как юридическим, так и практическим трудностям путем анализа различных примеров таких знаков. В ходе исследования была проанализирована обширная судебная практика, чтобы подробно описать сферу нарушения прав на эти знаки и возможные способы их защиты. Кроме того, в данной статье подчеркивается, что глубокое понимание важной роли нетрадиционных товарных знаков имеет решающее значение для формирования современной системы интеллектуальных прав. Размышления автора о специфических проблемах нетрадиционных средств индивидуализации товара раскрывают идеи и возможности, которые могут представлять ценность как для теории, так и бизнеса. Отсутствие единых стандартов, а также необходимость визуального представления зачастую усложняют задачу установления уникальности товарного знака или доказывания факта нарушения.</p></trans-abstract><kwd-group xml:lang="ru"><kwd>нетрадиционные товарные знаки</kwd><kwd>нарушение прав</kwd><kwd>отличительность</kwd><kwd>графическое изображение</kwd><kwd>нестандартные товарные знаки</kwd></kwd-group><kwd-group xml:lang="en"><kwd>trademarks</kwd><kwd>infringement</kwd><kwd>distinctiveness</kwd><kwd>graphical representation</kwd><kwd>non-conventional trademarks</kwd></kwd-group></article-meta></front><back><ref-list><title>References</title><ref id="cit1"><label>1</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Calboli, I., &amp; Senftleben, M. (Eds.). (2018). 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