<?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8"?>
<!DOCTYPE article PUBLIC "-//NLM//DTD JATS (Z39.96) Journal Publishing DTD v1.3 20210610//EN" "JATS-journalpublishing1-3.dtd">
<article article-type="research-article" dtd-version="1.3" xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink" xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance" xml:lang="en"><front><journal-meta><journal-id journal-id-type="publisher-id">diright</journal-id><journal-title-group><journal-title xml:lang="en">Digital Law Journal</journal-title><trans-title-group xml:lang="ru"><trans-title>Цифровое право</trans-title></trans-title-group></journal-title-group><issn pub-type="epub">2686-9136</issn><publisher><publisher-name>Maxim Inozemtsev</publisher-name></publisher></journal-meta><article-meta><article-id pub-id-type="doi">10.38044/2686-9136-2022-3-4-71-88</article-id><article-id custom-type="elpub" pub-id-type="custom">diright-121</article-id><article-categories><subj-group subj-group-type="heading"><subject>Research Article</subject></subj-group><subj-group subj-group-type="section-heading" xml:lang="en"><subject>ARTICLES</subject></subj-group><subj-group subj-group-type="section-heading" xml:lang="ru"><subject>СТАТЬИ</subject></subj-group></article-categories><title-group><article-title>Data-sharing as a quid pro quo of co-regulation in the EU</article-title><trans-title-group xml:lang="ru"><trans-title>Обмен данными как quid pro quo совместного регулирования в ЕС</trans-title></trans-title-group></title-group><contrib-group><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">https://orcid.org/0000-0001-9562-8340</contrib-id><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Энтин</surname><given-names>М. Л.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Entin</surname><given-names>M. L.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>доктор юридических наук, профессор, заведующий кафедрой европейского права</p><p>119454,  Москва, просп. Вернадского, 76</p></bio><bio xml:lang="en"><p>Dr. Sci. in Law, Professor, Head of European Law Department</p><p>76, ave. Vernadsky, Moscow, 119454</p></bio><email xlink:type="simple">entinmark@gmail.com</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-1"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">https://orcid.org/0000-0003-4198-4870</contrib-id><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Энтина</surname><given-names>Е. Г.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Entina</surname><given-names>E. G.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>доктор политических наук, доцент, директор центра средиземноморских исследований Факультета мировой экономики и мировой политики</p><p>109028, Москва, Большой Трехсвятительский пер., 3</p></bio><bio xml:lang="en"><p>Dr. Sci. in Politics, Associate Professor, Director of Mediterranean Studies Centre, Faculty of World Economy and International Affairs</p><p>3, Bolshoy Trekhsvyatitelskiy Pereulok, Moscow, 109028</p></bio><email xlink:type="simple">e.entina@hse.ru</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-2"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">https://orcid.org/0000-0002-4484-9423</contrib-id><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Галушко</surname><given-names>Д. В.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Galushko</surname><given-names>D. V.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>кандидат юридических наук, доцент, доцент департамента правового регулирования экономической деятельности</p><p>125167, Москва, просп. Ленинградский, д. 49/2</p></bio><bio xml:lang="en"><p>PhD in Law, Associate Professor, Department of Legal Regulation of Economic Activity</p><p>49, Leningradsky Prospect, Moscow, 125993</p></bio><email xlink:type="simple">galushkodv@gmail.com</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-3"/></contrib></contrib-group><aff-alternatives id="aff-1"><aff xml:lang="ru"><institution>Московский государственный институт международных отношений (МГИМО-Университет)</institution><country>Россия</country></aff><aff xml:lang="en"><institution>Moscow State Institute of International Relations (MGIMO-University)</institution><country>Russian Federation</country></aff></aff-alternatives><aff-alternatives id="aff-2"><aff xml:lang="ru"><institution>Национальный исследовательский университет&#13;
«Высшая школа экономики»</institution><country>Россия</country></aff><aff xml:lang="en"><institution>Higher School of Economics (HSE University)</institution><country>Russian Federation</country></aff></aff-alternatives><aff-alternatives id="aff-3"><aff xml:lang="ru"><institution>Финансовый университет при Правительстве Российской Федерации</institution><country>Россия</country></aff><aff xml:lang="en"><institution>Financial University</institution><country>Russian Federation</country></aff></aff-alternatives><pub-date pub-type="collection"><year>2022</year></pub-date><pub-date pub-type="epub"><day>30</day><month>12</month><year>2022</year></pub-date><volume>3</volume><issue>4</issue><fpage>71</fpage><lpage>88</lpage><permissions><copyright-statement>Copyright &amp;#x00A9; Entin M.L., Entina E.G., Galushko D.V., 2022</copyright-statement><copyright-year>2022</copyright-year><copyright-holder xml:lang="ru">Энтин М.Л., Энтина Е.Г., Галушко Д.В.</copyright-holder><copyright-holder xml:lang="en">Entin M.L., Entina E.G., Galushko D.V.</copyright-holder><license xml:lang="ru" license-type="creative-commons-attribution" xlink:href="https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/" xlink:type="simple"><license-p>Данная работа распространяется под лицензией Creative Commons Attribution 4.0.</license-p></license><license xml:lang="en" license-type="creative-commons-attribution" xlink:href="https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/" xlink:type="simple"><license-p>This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 License.</license-p></license></permissions><self-uri xlink:href="https://www.digitallawjournal.org/jour/article/view/121">https://www.digitallawjournal.org/jour/article/view/121</self-uri><abstract><p>The paper focuses on the defining of the co-regulation of national and supranational legal regimes’ features of data-sharing in the digital platforms’ functioning on the example of the EU’s practice with a special attention to the disintegration process of Brexit. Data-sharing is one of the most appropriate spheres to demonstrate specific traits of digital platforms — the cross-border character of their operation. This demands quid pro quo interaction of the national and supranational regulatory regimes, filling the gap associated with the lack of international regulation and the inability to harmonize law. We begin with the theoretical characterization of information and personal data, the right to privacy, and classifications of interventions in private life. The EU has been chosen as an example, acting as a flagship of interaction of national and supranational legal orders in relation to the co-regulation of cross-border data-sharing in digital platforms. Interaction of the EU on the principle of quid pro quo, based on the practice of making decisions on adequacy, is considered in the context of Brexit and the relevant law-making practice of the UK. The discussion is complemented by examples of similar EU relations with South Korea and the United States. Based on the analysis, the authors conclude that the EU supranational legal order has a high degree of influence on the national legislation of third countries, which contributes to the constant development of regulation in the sphere and the strengthening of international integration.</p></abstract><trans-abstract xml:lang="ru"><p>Статья посвящена определению особенностей совместного регулирования национальными и наднациональными правовыми режимами обмена данными в функционировании цифровых платформ на примере практики ЕС с особым вниманием к дезинтеграционному процессу Брекзита. Обмен данными является одной из наиболее подходящих сфер для демонстрации специфических черт цифровых платформ — трансграничного характера их функционирования. Данный процесс т ребует взаимодействия национальных и наднациональных режимов регулирования по принципу quid pro quo, заполняя пробелы, связанные с отсутствием международного регулирования и неспособностью гармонизировать соответствующее право. Авторы начинают исследование с теоретической характеристики информации и персональных данных, права на неприкосновенность частной жизни и классификации вмешательств в нее. В качестве примера был выбран опыт ЕС, выступающего в качестве флагмана взаимодействия национального и наднационального правопорядков в отношении совместного регулирования т рансграничного обмена данными в рамках цифровых платформ. Взаимодействие ЕС по принципу quid pro quo, основанное на практике принятия решений об адекватности, рассматривается в контексте Б рекзита и соответствующей правотворческой практики Великобритании. Обсуждение дополняется примерами аналогичных отношений ЕС с Южной Кореей и Соединенными Штатами. На основе проведённого анализа авторы приходят к выводу о высокой степени влияния наднационального правопорядка ЕС на национальное законодательство третьих стран, что способствует постоянному развитию регулирования в рассматриваемой сфере и укреплению международной интеграции.</p></trans-abstract><kwd-group xml:lang="ru"><kwd>обмен данными</kwd><kwd>персональные данные</kwd><kwd>конфиденциальность</kwd><kwd>публичность</kwd><kwd>Европейский союз</kwd><kwd>Великобритания</kwd><kwd>Брекзит</kwd></kwd-group><kwd-group xml:lang="en"><kwd>data-sharing</kwd><kwd>personal data</kwd><kwd>privacy</kwd><kwd>publicity</kwd><kwd>European Union</kwd><kwd>Great Britain</kwd><kwd>GDPR</kwd><kwd>Brexit</kwd></kwd-group></article-meta></front><back><ref-list><title>References</title><ref id="cit1"><label>1</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Babynina, L. O. (2021). Torgovoe soglashenie mezhdu ES i Velikobritaniej: Mezhdu kondicional’nost’ju i suverenitetom [Trade and cooperation agreement between the EU and the UK: Conditionality versus sovereignty]. Sovremennaja Evropa, (2), 5-16. http://dx.doi.org/10.15211/soveurope220210516</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Babynina, L. O. (2021). Torgovoe soglashenie mezhdu ES i Velikobritaniej: Mezhdu kondicional’nost’ju i suverenitetom [Trade and cooperation agreement between the EU and the UK: Conditionality versus sovereignty]. Sovremennaja Evropa, (2), 5-16. http://dx.doi.org/10.15211/soveurope220210516</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="cit2"><label>2</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Beck, E. J., Gill, W., &amp; De Lay, P. R. (2016). Protecting the confidentiality and security of personal health information in low- and middle-income countries in the era of SDGs and Big Data. Global Health Action, 9(1), 32089. https://doi.org/10.3402/gha.v9.32089</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Beck, E. J., Gill, W., &amp; De Lay, P. R. (2016). Protecting the confidentiality and security of personal health information in low- and middle-income countries in the era of SDGs and Big Data. Global Health Action, 9(1), 32089. https://doi.org/10.3402/gha.v9.32089</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="cit3"><label>3</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Bradford, A. (2012). The Brussels Effect. Northwestern University Law Review, 107(1), 19-35.</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Bradford, A. (2012). The Brussels Effect. Northwestern University Law Review, 107(1), 19-35.</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="cit4"><label>4</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">De Hert P., &amp; Papakonstantinou, V. (2017). The rich UK contribution to the field of EU data protection: Let’s not go for “third country” status after Brexit’. Computer Law &amp; Security Review, 33(3), 354-360. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.clsr.2017.03.008</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">De Hert P., &amp; Papakonstantinou, V. (2017). The rich UK contribution to the field of EU data protection: Let’s not go for “third country” status after Brexit’. Computer Law &amp; Security Review, 33(3), 354-360. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.clsr.2017.03.008</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="cit5"><label>5</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Eisenmann, T., Geoffrey, P., &amp; Van Alstyne, M. (2011). Platform envelopment. Strategic Management Journal, 32(12), 1270-1285. https://doi.org/10.1002/smj.935</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Eisenmann, T., Geoffrey, P., &amp; Van Alstyne, M. (2011). Platform envelopment. Strategic Management Journal, 32(12), 1270-1285. https://doi.org/10.1002/smj.935</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="cit6"><label>6</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Entin, M., &amp; Galushko, D. (2021). O pravovykh posledstviyakh Brekzita (na primere zashchity personal’nykh dannykh) [On the legal consequences of Brexit (on the example of personal data protection)]. Sovremennaya Evropa, 105(5), 45-55. http://dx.doi.org/10.15211/soveurope520214555</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Entin, M., &amp; Galushko, D. (2021). O pravovykh posledstviyakh Brekzita (na primere zashchity personal’nykh dannykh) [On the legal consequences of Brexit (on the example of personal data protection)]. Sovremennaya Evropa, 105(5), 45-55. http://dx.doi.org/10.15211/soveurope520214555</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="cit7"><label>7</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Fabbrini, F., Celeste, E., &amp; Quinn, J. (Eds.) (2021). Data protection beyond borders: Transatlantic perspectives on extraterritoriality and sovereignty. Hart Publishing.</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Fabbrini, F., Celeste, E., &amp; Quinn, J. (Eds.) (2021). Data protection beyond borders: Transatlantic perspectives on extraterritoriality and sovereignty. Hart Publishing.</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="cit8"><label>8</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Kira, B., Sinha, V., &amp; Srinivasan, S. (2021). Regulating digital ecosystems: Bridging the gap between competition policy and data protection. Industrial and Corporate Change, 30(5), 1337-1360. https://doi.org/10.1093/icc/dtab053</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Kira, B., Sinha, V., &amp; Srinivasan, S. (2021). Regulating digital ecosystems: Bridging the gap between competition policy and data protection. Industrial and Corporate Change, 30(5), 1337-1360. https://doi.org/10.1093/icc/dtab053</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="cit9"><label>9</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Martirosjan, A. Z. (2021). Realii cifrovogo suvereniteta v sovremennom mire [Realities of Digital Sovereignty in the Modern World]. Mezhdunarodnaja Zhizn, (3), 28-35. https://interaffairs.ru/jauthor/material/2483</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Martirosjan, A. Z. (2021). Realii cifrovogo suvereniteta v sovremennom mire [Realities of Digital Sovereignty in the Modern World]. Mezhdunarodnaja Zhizn, (3), 28-35. https://interaffairs.ru/jauthor/material/2483</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="cit10"><label>10</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Mingers, J., &amp; Standing, C. (2018). What is information? Toward a theory of information as objective and veridical. Journal of Information Technology, 33(2), 85-104. https://doi.org/10.1057/s41265-017-0038-6</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Mingers, J., &amp; Standing, C. (2018). What is information? Toward a theory of information as objective and veridical. Journal of Information Technology, 33(2), 85-104. https://doi.org/10.1057/s41265-017-0038-6</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="cit11"><label>11</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Nicolaïdis, K. (2017). The political mantra: Brexit, control and the transformation of the European order. In F. Fabbrini (Ed.), The Law &amp; Politics of Brexit. Oxford University Press.</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Nicolaïdis, K. (2017). The political mantra: Brexit, control and the transformation of the European order. In F. Fabbrini (Ed.), The Law &amp; Politics of Brexit. Oxford University Press.</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="cit12"><label>12</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Nitecki, J. Z. (1985). The concept of information-knowledge continuum: Implications for librarianship. The Journal of Library History (1974-1987), 20(4), 387-407. http://www.jstor.org/stable/25541654</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Nitecki, J. Z. (1985). The concept of information-knowledge continuum: Implications for librarianship. The Journal of Library History (1974-1987), 20(4), 387-407. http://www.jstor.org/stable/25541654</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="cit13"><label>13</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Prosser, W. L. (1964). Handbook of the Law of Torts. West Publication Corp.</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Prosser, W. L. (1964). Handbook of the Law of Torts. West Publication Corp.</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="cit14"><label>14</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Resta, G. (2011). The new frontiers of personality rights and the problem of commodification: European and comparative perspectives. Tulane European and Civil Law Forum, 33, 49-57.</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Resta, G. (2011). The new frontiers of personality rights and the problem of commodification: European and comparative perspectives. Tulane European and Civil Law Forum, 33, 49-57.</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="cit15"><label>15</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Voigt, P. &amp; von dem Bussche, A. (2017). The EU general data protection regulation (GDPR). A practical guide. Springer.</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Voigt, P. &amp; von dem Bussche, A. (2017). The EU general data protection regulation (GDPR). A practical guide. Springer.</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="cit16"><label>16</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Voss, W.G. (2019). Obstacles to transatlantic harmonization of data privacy law in context. Journal of Law, Technology &amp; Policy, 2, 405–463.</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Voss, W.G. (2019). Obstacles to transatlantic harmonization of data privacy law in context. Journal of Law, Technology &amp; Policy, 2, 405–463.</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="cit17"><label>17</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Voss, W.G. (2020). Cross-Border data flows, the GDPR, and data governance. Washington International Law Journal, 29(3), 485-532.</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Voss, W.G. (2020). Cross-Border data flows, the GDPR, and data governance. Washington International Law Journal, 29(3), 485-532.</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="cit18"><label>18</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Walker, R. (2015). Success with big data: From data and analytics to profits. Oxford University Press.</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Walker, R. (2015). Success with big data: From data and analytics to profits. Oxford University Press.</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref></ref-list><fn-group><fn fn-type="conflict"><p>The authors declare that there are no conflicts of interest present.</p></fn></fn-group></back></article>
